Despite significant danger, miners received little compensation for injuries. Prices are shown in Japanese yen. Wages shown in 1931 US dollars. Wages are shown in 1931 US dollars. Wages are shown in German marks. Coal mining wages - Illinois, 1920. Expressed in dollars and also as a percentage of the property value. Postal Service. Source: Hotel rates can often be found within the advertisements throughout the pages of the. Shows the average monthly wages of multiple occupation in the Alaskan fishing industry. Tables are broken down by type of job, gender of employee, and geography. Total Pay. Report published in 1921 tells wages for women working in offices, in meat and poultry packing, restaurants, food manufacturing, clothing manufacturing, laundries, and more. Report published in 1923 gives wages for Arkansas women by occupation and race. Data available for additional years inMissouri Farm Census by Counties, Missouri State Dept of Agriculture. Pennsylvania's investment in anthracite iron paid dividends for the industrial economy of the state and proved that coal could be adapted to a number of industrial pursuits. Source: BLS, Shows clothes prices paid by working class families in Great Britain. 525. Next came preparations for extracting the coal. Without a match he walked, hands held in front of his body, until, by chance, someone found him and gave him a light. Source: BLS Bulletin no. Source: BLS. Shows the average weekly hours and hourly wages for workers in the boot and shoe industry. He also absorbed the habits and traditions that gave pick and shovel miners a remarkable degree of freedom. Source: AAUP report, p. 162. Shows average public employee pay for each state. The carpenters, mechanics, mule skinners, and other mine employees, who enjoyed no such latitude, were known by pit-face miners as company men. By contrast, the pit-face miners saw themselves as autonomous workmen who labored for themselves as well as for the company. The following is from James Greens The Devil is Here in These Hills. Furniture, bookcases, carpets and rugs, curtains, hanging lamps, lightbulbs, table and floor lamps, clocks. Source: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service. Published 1921. Survey covered only white families over a certain. To view an issue of interest, select it from the list and click View. 613. Includes clam, lobster, oyster industries and more. Took into account additional sources of income for farm families, such as income derived from animals or investments. Tells cost of public transportation and railway fares as well. The workday ended at 5:30 in the evening when the sunlight had already faded over the mountains. Meanwhile, his wife Mary operated the Nellis boarding house for foreign-born miners. Source: BLS. In the late 1800s mining was rough physical labor. Source: BLS, Shows the cost of various foodstuffs in the Riga markets. During the first three decades of the 20th century, African Americans comprised about 25 percent of all southern West Virginia miners. This Farmers' Bulletin, Cost of Using Horses on Corn-Belt Farms, goes into great detail about the costs of keeping work horses, including a. - Earnings, 1929, Farm workers' wages and income,1909-1938, Male farm labor average wages by state, 1929, Airplane pilot (commercial) - Salary, 1929, Barbers and hairdressers - Earnings, 1929, Baseball, major league - Player and umpiresalaries, 1929, Union wages in construction trades, 1913-1930, Union carpenter wages in selected cities for 1924-1925, Average hourly carpenter wage in U.S. for 1926, Carpenter wages for 1920-1928 for twelve major U.S. cities, Cement industry job wages and hours, 1929, Coal mining jobs - Hours and earnings, 1919-1933, Domestic (household) service - Male workers' wages, Executive salaries in private businesses, 1924, Teachers and principals' salaries by city, 1921-1922, School personnelsalaries by sex in selectedcities, 1926, Teacher's salaries by school level, 1924-1928, Illinois teachers salaries in high schools, 1920-1921, New York state teachers' salaries, 1920-1932, North Carolina teacher salaries by race, 1922, Texas school personnel salaries (white only), 1872-1953, Firemen and fire department salaries by city, 1927, Foundryand machine shop jobs - Wages and hours, 1923-1931, Administrative and supervisors pay in federal government, 1926, Iron and steel industry wages and hours, 1907-193, Lumber industry job wages and hours, 1921-1932, Military pay for officers on active duty - 1926, Mining metals - Wages and hours, 1924 and 1931, Mining - anthracite and bituminous coal, 1922 and 1924, Metalliferous mining job wages and hours, 1924, Nursing - Average salaries for public health and institutional nurses, 1927, Petroleum industry - Wages by occupation and state,1920, Seamen and firemen on ocean ships - Wages, 1914-1918, Slaughtering and meat-packing industry, 1921-1929, Street laborers (unskilled) - Wages and hours, 1928, Telegraph and cable industry - wages and salaries, 1922, Telephone industry - average compensation per employee, 1922, Typical fees charged for veterinary visits are described, 1926 annual salaries for individual veterinarians, Wages for thousands of occupations, indexed alphabetically - 1929, Manufacturing job hours and earnings, 1919-1960, Factory employee average annual wages - 1921, 1923, Industrial home work - Earnings, early 1920s, Automobile tire manufacturing wages, 1923, Motor vehicle industry job wages and hours, 1922-1928, Airplanes and aircraft engines manufacture - Hours and earnings, 1929, Boot, shoe, hosiery and underwear manufacturing wages, 1907-1920, Clothing (men's) manufacturing wages & hours, 1911-1932, Hosiery and underwear manufacturing - Wages & hours, 1907-1932, Woolen and worsted goods manufacturing: 1910 to 1930, Woolen and worsted goods manufacturing, 1907-1922, Furniture manufacturing industry - Wages and hours, 1910-1931, Pottery industry job wages and hours, 1925, Paper box-board industry job wages and hours, 1926, Professional and business women - Salaries and income, 1927, Library assistants - Earnings by city, 1923, Women employed as cleaners, maids, and elevator operators in Washington DC, 1920, Women's wages in the candy industry in St. Louis and Chicago, 1920-1921, Women's wages in candy industry - St. Louis, 1920-1921, Women employed as household servants in Philadelphia - late 1920s, Women's wages, hours, and earnings - South Carolina, 1921, Women in Tennessee industries - Hours, wages and working conditions, 1925, Colorado - Wages by occupation and industry, 1928, Union workers' annual earnings - New Haven CT, 1927, Teenagers' wages by occupation and sex in Detroit, 1922, Wage in the Missouri shoe industry, 1913-1922, Public school employee salaries - New York City, 1928, Ohio - Average annual wages and salaries by occupation, 1916-1932, Development of minimum wage laws in the U.S., 1912-1927, Minimum wage laws of the U.S., construction and operation, 1921, Wages by occupation in Buenos Aires, 1926, Buenos Aries - Average Wages, 1922, 1926, 1928-1929, Minimum wages in Sydney and Melbourne, 1914 and 1921, Wages and cost of living in Austria, 1920, Farm help wages in Canadian provinces by sex, 1920s, Wages by occupation in Canadian cities, 1920, Wages by occupation in Canadian cities, 1921, Wages by occupation in Canadian provinces, 1924-26, Wages and hours of labour - Canada, 1920-1926, Wages in boot and shoe industries in France, 1924, "Real wages" in Germany by industry, 1923, Automobile manufacturing wages in Germany, 1929, Wages and hours in Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 1924, average weekly earnings by industry and sex, Wages by industry in Great Britain, 1914-1921, Wages in Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 1924-1928, Wages in Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 1924-1932, Agricultural trades - Minimum wage in Great Britain, 1920, Building trades - Wages by city in the UK, 1920, Iron and steel industry wages in Great Britain, 1926, Coal miner earnings in Great Britain, 1921-23, Judges of county courts (UK) - Salary, ca. Hourly employees were bound to the ten-hour day, but the coal loaders, or tonnage men, often worked fewer hours and sometimes exercised the right to leave the mine without permission. Shows prices for articles of clothing sold in 35 retailer shops in twelve cities. Copy. Shows the average weekly and hourly wages of different occupations in the Missouri shoe industry between 1913-1922. Managers concentrated on business decisions, such as arranging transportation and selling their product. Many of the reports can be found in. In 1923, there were about 883,000 coal miners; today there are about 53,000. Wages are shown in contemporary U.S. dollars. 523. Dollars. Besides know-how, the miners depended upon instinct and luck. Every workingman was supposed to have his turn when it came to getting an empty coal car, because each collier deserved an equal opportunity to get his load to the weigh station. over the years. 7-8 in: Extensive, 219-page report published in the Bureau of Labor StatisticsBulletin no. In the hand-loading era, an underground miners workplace, usually called a room, was only as high as the coal seam. Source: BLS. Source: Lists costs of running a farm, including costs of power, labor, insurance, interest on loans, etc. This calculator allows you to compare the buying power of wages earned at different points in history. Shows the average daily wages of workers in various industries in Riga as well as other parts of Latvia. Shows average charge per case for appendicitis, childbirth, heart troubles, cancer, dental problems and more. Source: Shows the weekly wages of various occupations in Vienna. Source: Appendix in. Shows average dollar amount spent annually in categories such as food, clothing, maintenance of health, personal goods, furniture and more. Wages are shown in both Italian lire and contemporary U.S. dollars. Children's: Salary data for judges inNY, PA, NJ and CT. Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages for various occupations in Tokyo. Shows data for Washington DC, Los Angeles, Chicago, Cleveland, Detroitand otheradditional cities on pages5-9. With industrialization, workers lost control of when to start, eat, and end their day. In some cases, when a shot backfired out of the hole, it ignited coal dust or gas in the miners room and sent fire bursting into the main tunnel, where it could burn or suffocate the mules and their drivers passing through. Source: BLS, Shows the average retail prices of food, clothing, and fuel prices in Shanghai. Covers more than 1,200 cities. Salt operators eventually hired more white or free-black laborers due to the risk of investing money in bondsmen, who frequently were killed or injured in the mines. Wages are shown in Austrian kronen. Details the prices of appliances, furniture, and more household items on pp. These deposits could produce firedamp, which contained methane and sometimes carbon dioxide that seeped out of the coal seams. Government Documents Department, Ellis Library More passenger air fares from other sources: Household items: See "Blood donation" in. Shows expenditures among rural Virginia families for food, housing, clothing, automobiles, health insurance, recreation, personal items and more. Source: Monthly price list for Ralph's Grocery Company, which sold only in the Los Angeles area. Source: Bulletin #269 of the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, "Farm Family Living Among White Owner and Tenant Operators in Wake County," pages 24-28. PRICES in FOREIGN COUNTRIES, WAGES -- GENERAL SOURCES (all occupations and worker types), WAGES in AIRPLANE and AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING, 1920s. Shows salaries at the state, county and city levels. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. Wages of pattern makers, molders, drill press operators, lathe hands, machinists and more. Source: Lists results of 22 studies that show the % of family budget spent in various categories (rent, food, health, etc.). Source: BLS Monthly labor review, Apr 1926, Shows the average retail prices of various foodstuffs throughout Switzerland. Shows starting salary and increases granted based on marital status and number of children. Each table is for a different New Zealand city. Nothing was the answer, nothing but the miserable life he and his family endured living inrented shanties hard on the railroad tracks. Includes wage data for Chicago as well. Source: Lists prices of typical food items, housing expenses, clothing, fuel, light and more. for rural households in the U.S. and selected foreign countries. Miners would lie on their backs and use a pick to undercut the coal. Coal mine owners and superintendents rarely went underground. Rompers, night gowns, baby shoes, accessories (diapers, baby bottles, etc. Wages are shown in both German marks and contemporary U.S. dollars. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis. Shows wage data by manufacturing categories for 1914, 1919, 1921, and 1923. Click "more" for direct links to wages in each occupation. Shows wages for common and semi-skilled workers in manufacturing and construction industries, in baking, agriculture, metal and printing trades. Shows by county the price of undeveloped land, plow land and farm land. There is also a table showing, Shows the value of multiple currencies in US dollars in the years of. Shows typical pay in stock companies, dramas, musical comedies, vaudeville and screen, from extras to Hollywood stars. Source: BLS Bulletin no. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (September 1932). Covers New York City, New Jersey towns, Fall River MA, Cleveland, Chicago, Dallas, San Francisco and Portland OR. Constitution Avenue, NW Shows the standard wages for different shift at ports in Antwerp, Belgium. Source: Women's Bureau Bulletin #85. Source: BLS, Shows the cost of foodstuffs, clothing, and other necessities in Hungary. On one hand, the miners discipline and death-defying courage made them ideal industrial soldiers; on the other hand, the qualities the men forged in underground combat with the elementsbravery, fraternal fealty, and group solidarityhardened them for aboveground combat with their employers. Includes many brand names. They provided their own equipment and often hired assistants; managers extended credit for supplies like dynamite. Published by the National Industrial Conference Board. Describes the labor policy of Mexico in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. As the men removed one pillar after another, the wooden posts used to support the mine top would be strained as the roof started getting heavy. The wood would then creak and groan and then splinter as the miners heard the roof working above their heads and planned their retreat accordingly. Every day his lifes in danger, In 1907, West Virginia appointed John Nugent as superintendent of immigration. Wages are expressed in both foreign currency and dollars. Prices on pp. Shows the average weekly wages for a variety of occupations and industries in New Zealand. Lists the price of bricks, flooring, framing lumber, rough boards, Portland cement, roofing material, house paint and more. Compares wages in common industries such as building, engineering, shipbuilding, textiles, railway, agriculture, printing, and in pottery. Keep your hand upon the dollar, Coal powered industrial America. Wages are shown in both US and English currency. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Source: Shows wages, hours and earnings for mechanics, pipe fitters, welders, tinsmiths derrick men, drillers, firemen, engineers and more. Wages are shown in yen. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (July 1930). Washington, D.C. Email powered by MailChimp (Privacy Policy & Terms of Use), The American Twins, Harpers Weekly, 1874, African American History Curatorial Collective. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin, No. Coal mining is a dangerous job requiring skill and judgment. Its an era of company town labor we are not likely to see return as automation and renewable energy continue to render these kinds of occupations obsolete. Shows the wages of Japanese mining workers by gender and age. Shows the average retail prices of staple foodstuffs in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Details the price of various building materials on pp. Wages are shown in Belgian francs. Shows salaries for officers, managers, clerks, operators, etc. Shows firemen salaries for 25 American cities including New York City, Chicago, New Orleans, Indianapolis, Buffalo, Boston, Detroit, Cleveland, St. Louis, Kansas City and more. Shows dollar amount and % of total budget spent on various categories of goods and services, broken out by urban/rural families. Source: BLS, Shows the retail prices of food and commodities in various cities throughout south Manchuria. This booklet shows prices for hotels and amenities such astelephone, restaurant meals,haircuts, bath house, etc. Source: BLS, Shows the earnings over different times for both government employees and manual workers in Hamburg. Source: U.S. Dept of Agriculture. Managers liked immigrants because they worked for low wages. Retail prices for brick, cement, lumber of various kinds, window glass, shingles, nails and more. Table shows average 1929 and 1931 weekly wages of full-time store employees, managers, and supervisors by kind and size of chain and location. Shows the "living wage" per week for different metropolitan areas of Australia. Also shows rowboat and pack horse rental rates, cost for guided tours, and transportation fares. Typical compensation for directors, camera men, editors and more in, Shows typical earnings for reporters, feature writers, sports editors and others, in. Shows the daily wages of Chilean miners between 1911 and 1924 in both pesos and the U.S. dollar. The miners dressed in overalls, or bank clothes, for working the coal banks and wore cloth caps fitted with small oil lamps that lit their way in the tunnels. Source: BLS. By 1854, forty-six percent of all American pig iron had been smelted with anthracite coal as a fuel, and by 1860 anthracite's share of pig iron was more than fifty-six . by OCCUPATION Discussion covers the history of minimum wage legislation in Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, Canada, South Africa, Mexico, France, Norway, Argentina, Germany, Spain, Switzerland, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Uruguay, Hungary, Poland, Italy, and Rumania (Romania) up to 1928. Shows expenditures by category with prices per article and amounts needed annually for a family of five. "A good hotel room costs only $4-5 per day while a hospital charges $6 and $7." Source: The cost of living in twelve industrial cities, p. 63. Shows wage rates for engineers, conductors, passenger baggage men, coal passers, firemen, switch tenders, hostlers, signalmen, station agents, telegraphers, machinists, car cleaners, and more. After the top fell, they returned to break and load the fallen coal before another layer of the top came crashing down with a tremendous roar. Source: BLS. Wages are shown in both Chervonetz roubles and contemporary U.S. dollars. HEALTH CARE Wages are shown in Danish ore. When a miner and his helper approached the entry to their room, danger lurked in almost every move they made. Management's steam whistle now set the times. Women's and children's clothing - Newcomb, Endicott, and Co. Retail prices for imported merchandise, 1922, Rates charges for hospital services, 1928, Health care costs and expenditures, 1923-1925, Average charges by type of medical complaint, 1929-1930, Public colleges - Tuition by institution, 1921-1922, Private colleges - Tuition by institution, 1921-1922, Howard University School of Medicine - Tuition & expenses, 1920-21, The Undertaker's Trade - Services and Prices, Average funeral cost by state and city, 1927, Cost to mail a letter or postcard, 1863-present, Vacation to Yellowstone National Park - Prices in 1920, Consumption expenditures per capita, 1901-1956, Cost of living increase in U.S. large cities, 1913-1941, Income needed for "minimum subsistence" in cities, 1929, Minimum income needed to live in Washington DC, 1920, Cost of living among wage earners, Detroit, 1921, Lynchburg, VA - Cost of living and expenditures, 1928-1929, Ability to pay and standard of living among farmers, 1926, Farm family expenditures in selected states, 1922-1924, Average annual costs of keeping work horses, 1921, Virginia - Cost of living and expenditures, 1928-1929, Calculator: Present-day purchasing power of a historic dollar amount, Consumer Price Index Inflation Calculator, Canada - Food and rents by province and city, 1923, Canada - Prices of staple foods, fuel and rent in 1913, 1920-1927, Retail Prices in Czechoslovakia, 1914-1921, Clothing prices - Great Britain, 1914-1921, New Zealand - Food and cigarette retail prices by city, 1921. equal opportunity/access/affirmative action/pro-disabled and veteran employer. Compares wage rates and hours of work for the WWI and WWII eras, focusing specifically on the manufacturing, mining, railroad, printing and maritime industries, as well as farm labor wages. MERCHANDISE Wages are shown in Greek drachmas. NOTE: Forhouseholdincome data for 1929, we recommend a1934 Brookings Institution report titled America's Capacity to Consume. In West Virginias colliers, miners were paid 49 cents per ton of clean coal, compared with 76 cents in the unionized mines of Ohio. Chain store prices for a pack of Lucky Strike, Chesterfield, Camel, Old Gold or Piedmont. Source: BLS. $32k - $76k. Wages of certain women in the District of Columbia. 297. Another statute required employers to hire pit bosses to examine every working place in the mine, but only as often as practicable. A third rule required the managers to water the coal dust, but only when they detected a dangerous level of gas. Wages are shown in Latvian rubles. Lists single-unit prices for barbital, benzoyl peroxide, benzocaine, aspirin, quinoline, and more, showing proprietary and coined drug names. Careless miners always fail. Working in coal mines is dangerous miners have to deal with toxic . Figures expressed in both foreign currency and in dollars. This website does a good job of organizing a complex topic. Discusses household expenditures for electricity, and estimates the number of homes that had various electrical appliances (radios, refrigerators, irons, etc.) Source: BLS, Shows the average price of foodstuffs and other common goods in the federal district of Mexico. Sometimes they hired guards or brought in government troops to maintain order and control strikers. Beds and mattresses, bedroom furniture, pillows, bedding. Dining room furniture, silverware, dish sets. A strong, skilled coal loader might fill five or more cars in a day. Table shows average cost to rent houses by the number of rooms in each of 25 New Zealand cities and towns. Veteran colliers knew competitive individualism bred greed, hostility, thievery, and a disregard for mine safety. Covers the states of NH, VT, MA, CT, KY, SC, AL, MO, KS, IA and OH. Source: Discusses average prices American families were paying for medical care and hospital trips. Source: U.S. Dept. Wages are shown in pounds, shillings, and pence. Coal miner Bill Keating composed the ballad Down, Down, Down to break my loneliness and to show my mule I was in a friendly mood., President John L. Lewis, United Mine Workers, convention badge, 1936. Source: BLS, Shows the minimum hourly wages of various occupations in Brussels. Click for more info about the kind of home a family earning less than $2,500 annually could buy in 1928. Source: U.S. Federal Trade Commission report. School and office supplies: Shows the average daily wages of various occupations in Athens and Piraeus. Source: Teachers' salaries and salary trends in 1923. Kitchen: But on some weeks, a miner might work only two or three days because the railroad failed to supply enough coal cars, or because the mine needed repairs. Work clothes, work shirts, dress shirts, dress pants, trousers, vests, suits, dress gloves, overcoats, winter coats, fur caps and collars, neck ties, belts and suspenders, caps and hats, nightwear, socks, shoes, boots, pocket knives, pocket watches, toupes, razors, smoking pipes. About half of the surveyed penal institutions gave prisoners some compensation, based on its use as incentive toward good work and better behavior, and to provide the convict with a small way to provide for his family.
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