In addition to injuries, he was often treating severe sandflea and crawcraw infections, yaws, tropical eating sores, heart disease, tropical dysentery, tropical malaria, sleeping sickness, leprosy, fevers, strangulated hernias, necrosis, abdominal tumours and chronic constipation and nicotine poisoning, while also attempting to deal with deliberate poisonings, fetishism and fear of cannibalism among the Mbahouin. He responded with remarkable courtesy for about 20 minutes until one questioner prodded him [13][16], Schweitzer rapidly gained prominence as a musical scholar and organist, dedicated also to the rescue, restoration and study of historic pipe organs. Schweitzer to move his hospital to a larger site two miles up the Ogooue, where expansion was possible and where gardens and orchards could be planted. 1996 - 2023 NewsHour Productions LLC. Schweitzer died on 4 September 1965 at his beloved hospital in Lambarn, now in independent Gabon. This compromise arose after the Protestant Reformation and the Thirty Years' War. An ethical human strives to escape from this contradiction so far as possible. Here is all you want to know, and more! https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/dr-albert-schweitzer-a-renowned-medical-missionary-with-a-complicated-history. He is suffering from a heart ailment. The soul is the sense of something higher than ourselves, something that stirs in us thoughts, hopes, and aspirations which go out to the world of goodness, truth and beauty. In the Preface to Civilization and Ethics (1923) he argued that Western philosophy from Descartes to Kant had set out to explain the objective world expecting that humanity would be found to have a special meaning within it. years to science and art and then devote himself to the service of suffering humanity. Schweitzer inspired actor Hugh O'Brian when O'Brian visited in Africa. 9 Department of Cardiology and . newsletter for analysis you wont find anywhereelse. Ethics themselves proceed from the need to respect the wish of other beings to exist as one does towards oneself. [6] The tiny village would become home to the Association Internationale Albert Schweitzer (AIAS). Albert Schweitzer's Death - Cause and Date Born (Birthday) Jan 14, 1875 Death Date September 4, 1965 Age of Death 90 years Cause of Death Natural Causes Profession Doctor The doctor Albert Schweitzer died at the age of 90. He was genuinely proud of his medical and missionary station at Lambarene. He died at 11:30 P.M. (6:30 P.M. New York time). Edward Albert Heimberger, famously known by his stage name Eddie Albert, was one actor and activist who . Ever the autodidact, during this period Albert also served as curate for the church Saint-Nicolas in Strasbourg. Abstract. Albert Schweitzer studied the music of Johann Bach who was a German Composer. Other selections are on Philips GBL 5509. On the other hand, the Hellenist "lives on the store of experience which he acquired in the initiation" and is not continually affected by a shared communal experience.[47]. Until he extends the circle of his compassion to all living things, man will not himself find peace. The main hospital room and the In the almost eight years of his absence, the jungle had reclaimed the hospital grounds, and the buildings had to be rebuilt. full expression in the 18th century.". His death was attributed to circulatory trouble brought on by his advanced age. "[76][77], After the birth of their daughter (Rhena Schweitzer Miller), Albert's wife, Helene Schweitzer was no longer able to live in Lambarn due to her health. Learn more about Friends of the NewsHour. (He played Bach at Lambarene, too, on pianos especially lined with zinc to prevent rot.) Dr. Howard Markel. "You must give some time to your fellow man," Schweitzer counseled in paraphrase. The latter activity resulted in several volumes over the years that made his reputation as a major, albeit somewhat controversial, theologian. He was however also a theologian, organist, philosopher, and physician. Hundreds flocked to hear him and to importune him. Albert Schweitzer and Max Gerson become lifelong friends after Dr. Gerson's therapy cured Schweitzer of his Type II diabetes, cured Albert's daughter of a chronic skin condition, and saved the life of Albert's wife, suffering from tuberculosis of the lung, which had not responded to conventional treatment. Schweitzer saw many operas of Richard Wagner in Strasbourg (under Otto Lohse) and in 1896 he managed to afford a visit to the Bayreuth Festival to see Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen and Parsifal, both of which impressed him. Schweitzer was a harsh critic of colonialism, and his medical mission was his response to the "injustices and cruelties people have suffered at the hands of Europeans.". Mankind had to choose to create the moral structures of civilization: the world-view must derive from the life-view, not vice versa. Their home in Knigsfeld has now been turned into a museum. His 1931 autobiography, Out of My Life and Thought, describing much of his work in Africa, was an international best-selling book. Darrell. [76][77] Translating several couplets from the work, he remarked that the Kural insists on the idea that "good must be done for its own sake" and said, "There hardly exists in the literature of the world a collection of maxims in which we find so much lofty wisdom. for his ethical creed was as firm at 90 as it was on his 30th birthday, the day he decided to devote the rest of his life to the natives of Africa as a physician. [53] In June 1912, he married Helene Bresslau, municipal inspector for orphans and daughter of the Jewish pan-Germanist historian Harry Bresslau.[54]. If you love what you are doing, you will be successful. Schweitzer's book (and other writings as well) disputed the theory that human progress toward civilization was inevitable. That said, Dr. Schweitzer did devote more than half a century to practicing medicine in a remote location where few of his colleagues would dare to visit and for people who desperately needed medical care. Helene took up nursing to help her husband in his pursuits; later, she became skilled at delivering anesthesia to the patients on whom Albert would operate. Schweitzer came to French Equatorial Africa as a tall, handsome, broadly powerful young man with a shock of rich, black hair, an enormous mustache and a look of piercing determination in his bold eyes. He defended Jesus' mental health in it. The compound was staffed by 3 unpaid physicians, 7 nurses and 13 volunteer helpers. A complex man, to be sure, but his humanitarianism did affect the lives of many patients in desperate need of attention and, for the most part, he positively influenced the world in which he inhabited. To a marked degree, Schweitzer was an eclectic. Three more, to contain the Chorale Preludes with Schweitzer's analyses, were to be worked on in Africa, but these were never completed, perhaps because for him they were inseparable from his evolving theological thought.[27]. ", "The Jesus of Nazareth . Mosquitoes were not swatted, nor pests and insects doused with chemicals; they were left alone, and humans put up with them. The maladies the Schweitzers treated were both horrific and deadly. Darstellung und Kritik[51] [The psychiatric evaluation of Jesus. . to school for a few hours every day and then going back to the fields. [30] According to a visitor, Dr. Gaine Cannon, of Balsam Grove, N.C., the old, dilapidated piano-organ was still being played by Dr. Schweitzer in 1962, and stories told that "his fingers were still lively" on the old instrument at 88 years of age. Reverence for Life For Schweitzer, mankind had to accept that objective reality is ethically neutral. "[66] Schweitzer believed dignity and respect must be extended to blacks, while also sometimes characterizing them as children. the end came; at first Jesus believed that his Messianic reign would begin before his disciples returned from the teaching mission commanded of them in the Gospel according to St. Matthew. He maintained, instead, that man must rationally formulate an ethical creed and then strive to put it into practice. . Thank you. . On Oct. 13, 1905, he posted letters from Paris to his parents and friends saying that at the start of the winter term he would become a medical student to prepare himself The family and close friends were prepared for the end. about the religion of love, but only as an actual putting it into practice.". [note 1]. Yet, his legacy is not without controversy. of self-imposed exile in Africa. In 1899, he astonished Widor by explaining figures and motifs in Bach's Chorale Preludes as painter-like tonal and rhythmic imagery illustrating themes from the words of the hymns on which they were based. ~ Albert Schweitzer. One of Schweitzer's major arguments in The Mysticism of Paul the Apostle is that Paul's mysticism, marked by his phrase "being in Christ", gives the clue to the whole of Pauline theology. Albert Schweitzer earned doctorates in philosophy and theology, had a reputation as one of Europe's finest organists, and came to international fame with his 1906 best seller . Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer OM (German: [albt vats] (listen); 14 January 1875 4 September 1965) was an Alsatian polymath. At the same time he gave organ concerts, delivered lectures and wrote books about theology. [85][86][87] Schweitzer was not a vegetarian in his earlier life. But determination to make his life an "argument" . Albert Schweitzer (14. tammikuuta 1875 - 4. syyskuuta 1965) oli saksalais-ranskalainen (elsassilainen) teologi, muusikko, musiikkitieteilij, filosofi ja lkri. In 1905, Widor and Schweitzer were among the six musicians who founded the Paris Bach Society, a choir dedicated to performing J. S. Bach's music, for whose concerts Schweitzer took the organ part regularly until 1913. He celebrated his 90th birthday there as hundreds of Africans, Europeans and Americans gathered to wish him well. [13][14][15][16] He published his PhD thesis at the University of Tbingen in 1899. However, human consciousness holds an awareness of, and sympathy for, the will of other beings to live. The answer came in a flash of mystic illumination in September, 1915, as he was steaming up the Ogooue River in Africa. Additional medical staff, nurse (Miss) Kottmann and Dr. Victor Nessmann,[60] joined him in 1924, and Dr. Mark Lauterberg in 1925; the growing hospital was manned by native orderlies. They ranged from leprosy, dysentery, elephantiasis, sleeping sickness, malaria, yellow fever, to wounds incurred by encounters with wild animals and many common health problems to which the human body is subject. Kentucky Vital Records Indexes at Ancestry (these require payment) Kentucky Death Certificates and Records, 1852-1965 (coverage before 1911 varies by county) includes digitized Kentucky death certificates from 1911-1965, plus earlier records for some counties ; Kentucky Death Index, 1911-2000 It is conceivably the only formal philosophical concept ever to spring to life amid Agriculture, not science or industrialization, is their greatest need. Albert was born in 1875 in Kaysersberg (Alsace-Lorraine), Germany, (now Haut-Rhin, France), only two months after Germany annexed that province from France, as a result of winning the Franco-Prussian war. Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) was a brilliant philosopher, physician, musician, clergyman and theological scholar. We must make atonement for the still worse ones, which we do not read about in the papers, crimes that are shrouded in the silence of the jungle night Schweitzer was nonetheless still sometimes accused of being paternalistic in his attitude towards Africans. According to some authors, Schweitzer's thought, and specifically his development of reverence for life, was influenced by Indian religious thought and in particular the Jain principle of ahimsa, or non-violence. '"[67] Chinua Achebe has criticized him for this characterization, though Achebe acknowledges that Schweitzer's use of the word "brother" at all was, for a European of the early 20th century, an unusual expression of human solidarity between Europeans and Africans. He sought to exemplify the idea that man, through good works, can be in the world and in God at one and the same time. At the time of Dr. Schweitzers death, at age 90 in 1965, the compound comprised 70 buildings, 350 beds and a leper colony for 200. Dr. Schweitzer became especially famous for giving benefit concerts and lectures in Europe as a means of fundraising for his hospital back in Africa. . 97 Copy quote. He received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of "Reverence for Life", which states that the only thing we are really sure of is that we live and want to go on living. [84][bettersourceneeded], Schweitzer is often cited in vegetarian literature as being an advocate of vegetarianism in his later years. Until he extends his circle of compassion to include all living things, man will not himself find peace. No greater tribute to his abilities as a conqueror of jungle need He and his wife are buried on the Hospital grounds in Lambarn. Albert Schweitzer made notable organ recordings of Bach's music in the 1940s and 1950s. His death, political upheavals leading to Gabon's independence in 1960, decreasing foreign . Paul's imminent eschatology (from his background in Jewish eschatology) causes him to believe that the kingdom of God has not yet come and that Christians are now living in the time of Christ. "Even if it's a little thing, do something for those who have need of a man's help, something for which you get no pay but the privilege of doing Man's ultimate redemption through beneficent activity--the theme of Part II of Goethe's "Faust," a metaphysical poem much admired by Albert Schweitzer--threads through this extraordinary man's long, complex and sometimes curious In their first nine months in Africa, they treated more than 2,000 patients. Albert Schweitzer The Nobel Peace Prize 1952 Born: 14 January 1875, Kaysersberg, Germany (now France) Died: 4 September 1965, Lambarn, Gabon Residence at the time of the award: France Role: Missionary surgeon, Founder of Lambarn (Rpublique de Gabon) The laying down of the commandment to not kill and to not damage is one of the greatest events in the spiritual history of mankind. [83] He was also a chevalier of the Military and Hospitaller Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem. In 1952, he won the Nobel Peace Prize. When Schweitzer was in residence at Lambarene, virtually nothing was done without consulting him. It was a beautiful locale and one that Albert would often return to for the rest of his life, especially when he was weary from his many medical and missionary responsibilities. " Albert Schweitzer 31. October 27, 2021 Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer known as 'Alsatian polymath', was a theologian, humanitarian philosopher, and physician. During 1934 and 1935 he resided in Britain, delivering the Gifford Lectures at Edinburgh University, and those on Religion in Modern Civilization at Oxford and London. If a record could be compiled of all that has happened between the white and the coloured races, it would make a book containing numbers of pages which the reader would have to turn over unread because their contents would be too horrible. And the Christianity of our states is blasphemed and made a mockery before those poor people. . In contemplation of the will-to-life, respect for the life of others becomes the highest principle and the defining purpose of humanity. 8 Department of Cardiology II -Electrophysiology; University of Mnster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebude A1, D-48149 Mnster, Germany. During that year, his father, a Lutheran pastor, moved his wife and eldest son to J. S. Bach: Prelude and Fugue in A major, BWV 536; Prelude and Fugue in F minor, BWV 534; Prelude and Fugue in B minor, BWV 544; Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 538. At times our own light goes out and is rekindled by a spark from another person. But after a century spent healing the sick, the hospital has spent the past . In 1957, Schweitzer was one of the founders of The Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy. The University of Tubingen published the dissertation that resulted in 1899. He had barely started to clear the jungle when World War I broke out. Lambarene was suffused with Reverence for Life to what some critics thought was an exaggerated degree. To support himself and to carry on the work at Lambarene, Schweitzer joined the medical staff of the Strasbourg Hospital, preached, gave lectures and organ recitals, traveled and wrote. But no such meaning was found, and the rational, life-affirming optimism of the Age of Enlightenment began to evaporate. Meantime, as these beliefs were maturing in Schweitzer's mind, he continued his student life at Strasbourg and fixed with great precision the course of his future. Lecturing widely on the problems of peace, Dr. Schweitzer told his wide audience, The end of further experiments with atom bombs would be like the early sunrays of hope which suffering humanity is longing for., Not all was sunny with Schweitzers social commentary. Having circulated a questionnaire among players and organ-builders in several European countries, he produced a very considered report. "At times our own light goes out and is rekindled by a spark from . Dr. Howard Markel writes a monthly column for the PBS NewsHour, highlighting momentous historical events that continue to shape modern medicine. It resulted in a book, "Paul and "I feel at home here. Carl Dean Switzer, the actor who as a child played Alfalfa in the Our Gang comedy film series, dies at age 31 in a fight, allegedly about money, in a Mission Hills, California, home. it less unruly); age seamed his face, shrunk his frame, made him appear bandy-legged; time softened his eyes and made them less severe. "It is good to maintain and further life; it is bad to damage and destroy life. Photo by Rolls Press/Popperfoto/Getty Images. This decision, protested vigorously by his friends, was, like so many others in his life, the product of religious meditation. On one occasion a group of tourists pulled him away from the dinner table to get an explanation of his ethics. His brother, Dr. Paul Schweitzer, 83, was not able to be with him. It's you, of yourself, of whom you must ask a lot. Explaining his decision later in more mundane terms, Schweitzer said: "I wanted to be a doctor that I might be able to work without having to talk. In recent years, many have taken him to task for decidedly paternalistic and racist descriptions of his African patients that would offend many a 21st century observer. "They are appropriate, therefore, to any world for in every world they raise the man who dares to meet their challenge, and does not turn them and twist them into meaninglessness, above his world life. As recognition for his many years of humanitarian work he was awarded the Nobel Peace Price in 1952 and in 1955, Queen Elizabeth II conferred on him Great Britain's highest civilian award, the Order of Merit. He was 90 years old. Schweitzer's arrival at this decision was calculated, a step in a quest for a faith to live by. ", His attitude was sharply expressed in a story he liked to tell of his orange trees. Name in native language. Darrell 1936. Schweitzer considered his work as a medical missionary in Africa to be his response to Jesus' call to become "fishers of men". From 1952 until his death Schweitzer worked against nuclear weapons together with Albert Einstein and Bertrand Russell. Albert Schweitzer (1966). concerts on the organ, conducted a heavy correspondence and examined Pauline ideas, especially that of dying and being born again "in Jesus Christ." "Reverence for Life," Schweitzer replied, "means my answering your kind inquiries; it also means your reverence for my dinner hour." " Albert Schweitzer He was extremely intelligent and excelled in many fields (music, theology, philosophy and medicine), which means he could have easily led a very comfortable life anywhere in Europe . own, is understandable when one considers the enormous achievement he has attained in his own lifetime. Babies, even in the leper enclave, dropped toys into the dust of the unpaved streets and then popped them into their mouths. Whatever Schweitzer's idiosyncrasies, he constructed a profound and enduring ethical system expressed in the principle Ehrfurcht vor dem Leben or Reverence of Life. People robbed native inhabitants of their land, made slaves of them, let loose the scum of mankind upon them. By 1920, his health recovering, he was giving organ recitals and doing other fund-raising work to repay borrowings and raise funds for returning to Gabon. who founded the kingdom of Heaven upon earth, and died to give his work the final consecration, never had any existence," Schweitzer wrote. Even in his study of medicine, and through his clinical course, Schweitzer pursued the ideal of the philosopher-scientist. [74] Albert Schweitzer noted the contribution of Indian influence in his book Indian Thought and Its Development:[75]. for the life of a physician in French Equatorial Africa. Rhena Schweitzer Miller, the only child of Nobel Prize-winning humanitarian Dr. Albert Schweitzer, who carried on his medical missionary work in Africa after his death in 1965, died Sunday. In 1924, Schweitzer returned without his wife, with an Oxford undergraduate Noel Gillespie as his assistant. Starting from its principle, founded on world and life denial, of abstention from action, ancient Indian thought and this is a period when in other respects ethics have not progressed very far reaches the tremendous discovery that ethics know no bounds. READ MORE: The story behind Alfred Nobels spirit of discovery. True to his pledge, Schweitzer turned from music and theology to service to others. He also set in motion important ideas concerning our ethical treatment of animals . Every man has to seek in his own way to realize his true worth. were quite familiar with the businesslike and sometimes grumpy and brusque Schweitzer in a solar hat who hurried along the construction of a building by gingering up the native craftsmen with a sharp: "Allez-vous OPP! "[40], In The Mysticism of Paul the Apostle, Schweitzer first distinguishes between two categories of mysticism: primitive and developed. By extreme application and hard work, he completed his studies successfully at the end of 1911. The name of Jesus has become a curse, and our Christianityyours and minehas become a falsehood and a disgrace, if the crimes are not atoned for in the very place where they were instigated. Dr. Albert Schweitzer who renounced fame and fortune as a musician 43 years ago - and who is on a visit to London - went to the Royal festival Hall yesterday - where he tried out the festival organ which he said ''She is magnificent - she is beautiful''. Death, Cause unspecified 4 September 1965 at 11:30 AM in Lambarn (Age 90) . [88] Biographer James Bentley has written that Schweitzer became a vegetarian after his wife's death in 1957 and he was "living almost entirely on lentil soup". It seems that the number of deaths due to medical negligence is increasing every year. Edward Albert Heimberger (April 22, 1906 - May 26, 2005) was an American actor and activist. Turning to Bach's nonchurch music, Schweitzer said: "The Brandenburg concertos are the purest product of Bach's polyphonic style. He took the search for the good life seriously. Albert Schweitzer 30. With Faust himself he could join in saying: This sphere of earthly soil He was there again from 1929 to 1932. These recordings were made in the course of a fortnight in October 1936.[94]. He is a figure designed by rationalism, endowed with life by liberalism, and clothed by modern theology in a historical garb. "Constant kindness can accomplish much. He did not preen himself, nor did he utter cosmic statements In a telegram that Mrs. Eckert sent to them from here Saturday, she said: "He is dying, inevitably and soon. His speech ended, "The end of further experiments with atom bombs would be like the early sunrays of hope which suffering humanity is longing for. ~ Albert Schweitzer. On departure for Lambarn in 1913, he was presented with a pedal piano, a piano with pedal attachments to operate like an organ pedal-keyboard. With theological insight, he interpreted the use of pictorial and symbolical representation in J. S. Bach's religious music. Preface: Albert Schweitzer, a European scholar and musician, dedicated fifty years of his life to the hospital he had built to ease the suffering of an, at that time, primitive African people. Schweitzer's university life was interrupted by a year of compulsory military service in 1894, a period that proved crucial to his religious thinking and to his life's vocation. He was 90 years old. the neighboring village of Gunsbach amid the foothills of the Vosges. His name and legacy continue to live on around the world. [16] From 1952 until his death he worked against nuclear tests and nuclear weapons with Albert Einstein, Otto Hahn and Bertrand Russell. In mid-December 1935 he began to record for Columbia Records on the organ of All Hallows, Barking-by-the-Tower, London. [41] Primitive mysticism "has not yet risen to a conception of the universal, and is still confined to naive views of earthly and super-earthly, temporal and eternal". " At that point in life where your talent meets the needs of the world, that is where God wants you to be. For years I had been giving myself out in words. . Published in 1910, it at once established Schweitzer as an eminent, if controversial, theologian whose explosive ideas He became a welcome guest at the Wagners' home, Wahnfried. While he was on his sickbed, his terminally ill son cared for him despite battling a diagnosis that claimed his life a year later. Additionally, Schweitzer explains how the experience of "being-in-Christ" is not a "static partaking in the spiritual being of Christ, but as the real co-experiencing of His dying and rising again". received, "freely give"; and the verse that urges men, "Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me; for I am meek and lowly in heart; and ye shall find rest unto your souls.". Albert Schweitzer. It speaks so piously of human dignity and human rights and then disregards this dignity and these rights of countless millions and treads them underfoot, only because they live overseas or because their skins are of different colour or because they cannot help themselves. Prelude in C major (Vol 4, 1); Prelude in D major (Vol 4, 3); Canzona in D minor (Vol 4, 10) (with Mendelssohn, Sonata in D minor op 65.6). Albert Schweitzer Occupation: Doctor Place Of Birth: France Date Of Birth: January14, 1875 Date Of Death: September 4, 1965 Cause Of Death: N/A Ethnicity: White Nationality: French Albert Schweitzer was born on the 14th of January, 1875. Schweitzer, the pastor's son, grew up in this exceptional environment of religious tolerance, and developed the belief that true Christianity should always work towards a unity of faith and purpose. Late in the third day of his journey he was on deck thinking and writing. Also, he is famous for being a music scholar and an organist. for a specific application of Reverence for Life.
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