[65], Acetone is used to precipitate proteins. The boiling point of acetone is 56C. Ethanol 78.5 C. [74] Liquids and Gases - Boiling Points - Engineering ToolBox What is boiling point? The methods used for its production are catalytic hydrolysis processes, where phenol, a co-product of this synthesis, is obtained through acidic hydroperoxide cumene media. As the sulphur atom is bigger in size the electrons will be hindering from the nuclei of the atom and hence forms a weak force of attraction. [57], High-performance liquid chromatography can be used to extract individual components from a mixture dissolved in a solution. Water has a higher boiling point due to stronger intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding. ", "Air Quality: Revision to Definition of Volatile Organic CompoundsExclusion of Acetone", "Philae probe finds evidence that comets can be cosmic labs", "Philae's First Days on the Comet Introduction to Special Issue", Hazardous substances databank entry at the national library of medicine, SIDS Initial Assessment Report for Acetone, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acetone&oldid=1142650957, GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 16:50. At sea level, water boils at 100 C (212 F). Acetone is produced by the moderate oxidation of 2-propanol in the presence of a copper catalyst. Boiling points of common materials. Knowing what theboiling pointis, let's get to know the acetone, in order to understand about the boiling point of acetone in Celsius. At this moment, vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure and thus we say that boiling point is reached. This means that when the external pressure is lower, boiling points are also lower and vice versa. So we already covered acetone. More energy is required to break the two bonds in water than the single bond between the hydrogen and the fluoride molecules and therefore the boiling point of water is higher than the hydrogen fluoride. Boiling points are important for what we do every day. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Since hydrogen bonding is stronger than dipole-dipole forces, ethanol has a higher boiling point. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is a quick alternative to more complex chromatography methods. United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, "Update: U.S. EPA Exempt Volatile Organic Compounds", "Sur les combinaisons produites par l'action du gas olfiant et l'esprit actique", "De quelques Produits nouveaux obtenus par laction des Alcalis sur les Corps gras une haute temprature", "Researches sur les acids organiques anhydres", "Sur la constitution des substances aromatiques,", "Untersuchungen ber aromatischen Verbindungen", Acetone (US Gulf) Price Report Chemical pricing information, "Keto-Enol Tautomerism. What is special about glycerol, that individual . Acetone is formed in the human body as a by-product of lipid metabolism. For example, what would happen if water boiled at a temperature lower than 212 degrees Fahrenheit? For example: what about water at 150F (65.55C)? The boiling point of acetone is 56 0 Celsius at room temperature. It provides metabolism and is the environment in which all biochemical processes. [79], Acetone is often used for vapor polishing of printing artifacts on 3D-printed models printed with ABS plastic. [29][30] In 1833, French chemists Antoine Bussy and Michel Chevreul decided to name acetone by adding the suffix -one to the stem of the corresponding acid (viz, acetic acid) just like how a similarly prepared product of what was then confused with the margaric acid was named margarone[31][32] By 1852, English chemist Alexander William Williamson realized that acetone was methyl acetyl;[33] the following year, the French chemist Charles Frdric Gerhardt concurred. As a result, the so-called acetone breath occurs. [92] In making its decision EPA conducted an extensive review of the available toxicity data on acetone, which was continued through the 2000s. More severe cases result in ketoacidosis, which is also one of the symptoms of diabetes. When the part is removed from the chamber, the acetone component evaporates leaving a glassy-smooth part free of striation, patterning, and visible layer edges, common features in untreated 3D printed parts.[80]. What is the identity of this element? Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-base Balance, View all products of Market Price & Insight. 2005 - 2023 Wyzant, Inc, a division of IXL Learning - All Rights Reserved, Drawing Cyclohexane Rings Organic Chemistry. Acetone efficiently removes felt-tipped pen marks from glass and metals. For example, water boils at 100 C (212 F) at sea level, but at 93.4 C (200.1 F) at 1,905 meters (6,250 ft) altitude. Raoult's Law only works for ideal mixtures. [57] This can be used to investigate notes or fibers left at the scene since each company's product is slightly different and those differences can be seen with TLC. Aniline. Spot price of acetone in summer 2011 was 11001250 USD/tonne in the United States.[41]. Boiling is a bulk phenomenon. Upon mixing salt with water, the salt will absorb the heat energy supplied to the water. It can be dissolved in water, ethanol, ester, and other solvents. ICP16009155-1 | Copyright@Qingdao ECHEMI Digital Technology Co., Ltd. charge not conserved? We have just analyzed acetone. Auto-ignition occurs at 465C. [57] If each Rf value matches a known sample, that is an indication of the unknown's identity. So, it boils faster than that water and vaporizes before water. As a heavy-duty degreaser, it is useful in the preparation of metal prior to painting or soldering, and to remove rosin flux after soldering (to prevent adhesion of dirt and electrical leakage and perhaps corrosion or for cosmetic reasons), although it may attack some electronic components, such as polystyrene capacitors. Delivering the latest product trends and industry news straight to your inbox. Due to its instability, acetone peroxide's industrial use is forbidden in Europe; in the United States it is limited to minor applications, such as bleaching of flour. What is acetone? Surface tension then smooths the semi-liquid plastic. Once in the atmosphere, it has a 22-day half-life and is degraded by UV light via photolysis (primarily into methane and ethane. Water is an inorganic compound, a transparent, odorless, and colorless liquid. Waters boiling point is 100C, and its melting point is 0C. Water: The water is one of the least toxic compounds. Previously, acetone was produced by the dry distillation of acetates, for example calcium acetate in ketonic decarboxylation. This has huge implications for the world around us, as it can change how we cook our food and what chemicals are used in manufacturing everything from plastic to medicine. Water Boiling Points at Higher Pressures - Engineering ToolBox Certain health conditions, such as alcoholism and diabetes, can produce ketoacidosis, uncontrollable ketosis that leads to a sharp, and potentially fatal, increase in the acidity of the blood. . Which group is the most soluble in water (assuming number of carbons is equivalent)? [22][23] It is a common building block in organic chemistry. [58] This is useful in drug analysis where the pharmaceutical is a combination drug since the components would separate, or elute, at different times allowing for the verification of each component. Now use this value and the same equation to find the change in the freezing point: Since the normal freezing point of water is 0, the new freezing point of this solution is -4.07C. We don't collect information from our users. However, alternative water extraction technologies are developed for dry areas where no water sources are available. Stylianos Sifniades, Alan B. At high vapor concentrations, it may depress the central nervous system like many other solvents. Alternative water extraction technologies are developed for dry areas where no water sources are available. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. This article goes over what boiling points mean in more detail! Raoult's Law and ideal mixtures of liquids - chemguide The boiling point of water is 100C. Water is derived from the available natural sources. Since it is a byproduct of fermentation, acetone is a byproduct of the distillery industry. Explanation: Acetone 56.0 C. For example, ethanol, with a molecular weight (MW) of 46, has a boiling point of 78 C (173 F), whereas propane (MW 44) has a boiling point of 42 C (44 F). 0 4 5 o C / m m H g. The only limiting factor with TLC analysis is the necessity for the components to be soluble in whatever solution is used to carry the components up the analysis plate. [53], Make-up artists use acetone to remove skin adhesive from the netting of wigs and mustaches by immersing the item in an acetone bath, then removing the softened glue residue with a stiff brush. The flash point is therefore dependent on the boiling point and consequent vapor pressure of the liquid. The boiling point of a liquid is mainly based on the number of hydrogen bonds present. The amount may slightly vary and the following general dependencies are observed: All life processes in the human body are connected with water. The size of the boiling point is governed by the strengths of the intermolecular . At higher altitudes the temperature of the boiling point is lower. Thus forming only one intermolecular bond in ammonia molecule, whereas, in that of water there are two intermolecular bonds hence more energy is required to break the bonds in water as compared to ammonia molecule. Members are provided with comprehensive ways to promote their products. Mariam has a Masters degree in Ecology and a PhD in Botany. Boiling point of acetone is | Chemistry Questions Water: Water is used in agriculture, for industrial needs, for energy production, and for domestic purposes. Boiling point is defined as the temperature at which vapor pressure of a liquid becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding it. How Lead Chamber Process Sulfuric Acid Shape The Industrial Revolution, Mystery Ingredient: Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose In Supplements, The Science Of Micellar Casein Calcium Caseinate. Acetone: Acetones auto-ignition occurs at 465C. Acetone, Septisol, or a combination of these agents is commonly used in this process. The molecular weight of the water is 18.02 g/mol. C. a reflected sound wave is absorbed by the medium, a diffracted sound wave changes direction as it passes through an opening As we move higher and higher altitude the same is reduced. Acetone is produced by the moderate oxidation of 2-propanol in the presence of a copper catalyst. At lower altitudes, the pressure felt on the object is high because of the heavy overlying atmospheric volume. [85], Acetone can be found as an ingredient in a variety of consumer products ranging from cosmetics to processed and unprocessed foods. 0.456 gram of an organic compound (Molecular mass = 100u) is dissolved in 31.14 grams of acetone. The boiling point of a liquid varies according to the applied pressure; the normal boiling point is the temperature at which the vapour pressure is equal to the standard sea-level atmospheric pressure (760 mm [29.92 inches] of mercury). All life processes in the human body are connected with water. In the human body, there are about 70 75% of water. What is the melting and boiling point of acetone? Water: In the human body, there are about 70 75% of water. Acetoneis a compound that when heated presents several risks of danger, being a highly flammable product can cause fire and a possible explosion, since the vapors emitted can cause fire and generate a fire of significant proportions depending on the amount of product that is in place, and if it is in a place with poor ventilation can cause an explosion by the accumulation of gases. For example, if you want to boil water at a temperature lower than 100C, you can increase the atmospheric pressure by using a pressure cooker. Your email address will not be published. The most common use of acetone is in domestic nail polish cleaner. Once again, higher than room temperature, so proponal is a liquid. [50][51][52], About a third of the world's acetone is used as a solvent, and a quarter is consumed as acetone cyanohydrin, a precursor to methyl methacrylate. The boiling point of water is 100C. The boiling point of acetone is The ethanol has OH bonding and is in the category of the alcohols. Acetone occurs in animals, plants, vehicle exhaust, Acetone occurs in the human body in small quantities. To Your Health: Acetone in Blood, Urine, and Breath. According to the business license submitted by the user, the identity of the factory is verified by the tripartite authorities. This happens when the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the surrounding pressure. Acetone can be cooled with dry ice to 78C without freezing; acetone/dry ice baths are commonly used to conduct reactions at low temperatures. Acetone | CH3COCH3 or CH3-CO-CH3 or C3H6O | CID 180 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. [27][28], In 1832, French chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas and German chemist Justus von Liebig determined the empirical formula for acetone. But, do you all know why boiling point of water is high compared to ammonia, H2S, alcohols, CH4, HF, etc.? Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. By definition, any liquid with a flashpoint less than 100F is considered to be a flammable liquid. After a prolonged starvation or diet the stock of carbohydrates in the body is depleted, the fat is decomposed, which results in the production of acetone. Water is a stable compound. B. No packages or subscriptions, pay only for the time you need. At temperatures greater than acetone's flash point of 20C (4F), air mixtures of between 2.5% and 12.8% acetone, by volume, may explode or cause a flash fire. Notify me of followup comments via e-mail, Written by : Dr. Mariam Bozhilova Forest Research Institute, BAS. However, if it is being consumed in a high quantity without adequate electrolyte intake water intoxication can occur. Prior to the "acetone" name given by Antoine Bussy, it was called "mesit" (from the Greek , meaning mediator) by Carl Reichenbach. [69] This helps dissolve the fat, and hardens the nodes, making finding them easier. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Water: Water covers about 71% of the surface of the Earth, mostly in oceans and seas. The boiling point for proponal is approximately 50 degrees Celsius. Industrially, this chemical compound is obtained from substances such as calcium acetate, acetic acid and petroleum gases. [23], Like most ketones, acetone exhibits the ketoenol tautomerism in which the nominal keto structure (CH3)2C=O of acetone itself is in equilibrium with the enol isomer (CH3)C(OH)=(CH2) (prop-1-en-2-ol). It found that the evaluable "data are inadequate for an assessment of the human carcinogenic potential of acetone. Water: The molecular weight of water is 18.02 g/mol. [62] However, the practical detection limit for GC-MS is in the picogram (1012) range. The water is derived from the available natural sources. However, they observed that the thermodynamics became favourable for crystalline solid acetone at the melting point (96C). 1. This approximation is sufficient for this kind of calculations. Why boiling point of water is more than acetone? Boiling Points. Since the temperature is directly proportional to the pressure felt on the unit volume of the matter, with reducing pressure, the temperature will reduce in corresponding. For example, at an altitude of 1,905 metres (6,250 ft), the boiling point of water is 93.4 C (200.1 F). Consult thetable of colligativeconstants. In general, the relative hazard of a flammable liquid . Peanut oil 230 C. Arrange ethyl methyl ether (CH 3 OCH 2 CH 3), 2-methylpropane [isobutane, (CH 3) 2 CHCH 3], and acetone (CH 3 COCH 3) in order of increasing boiling points.Their structures are as follows: Given: compounds Asked for: order of increasing boiling points Strategy: Compare the molar masses and the polarities of the compounds. The 'Discontinuation Tide' Is Here! Which statement about distilling a mixture of acetone and water is correct? The water molecules are formed by the addition of two molecules of hydrogen bonded with one single oxygen atom, while in the case of the organic substances the hydrogen molecules are bonded with the carbon which has only four valence electrons and is considered a half filled stable shell. It can then be metabolized either by CYP2E1 via methylglyoxal to D-lactate and pyruvate, and ultimately glucose/energy, or by a different pathway via propylene glycol to pyruvate, lactate, acetate (usable for energy) and propionaldehyde. [47] However, conflicting results were obtained later by other investigators. Acetone is used to synthesize methyl methacrylate. Solvent Boiling Points Chart (all boiling points at standard pressure) Solvent Boiling Point (C) Solvent Boiling Point (C) Acetic Acid 118.0 Ethyl Acetate 77.1 Acetic Acid Anhydride 139.0 Ethyl Ether 34.6 Acetone 56.3 Ethylene Dichloride 83.5 Acetonitrile 81.6 Ethylene Glycol 197.5 Benzene 80.1 Heptane 98.4 iso-Butanol 107.7 n-Hexane 68.7 n-Butanol 117.7 Hydrochloric Acid 84.8 tert-Butanol . This means that when the external pressure is lower, boiling points are also lower and vice versa. Vapor pressure of a liquid depends on its temperature. Acetone occurs in animals, plants, vehicle exhaust, forest fires, volcanic gases, etc. [78], Acetone is often the primary component in cleaning agents such as nail polish and superglue removers. Click to read more on Boiling Point Under Vacuum. [22], Acetone is a good solvent for many plastics and some synthetic fibers. Acetone: Inhaled acetone vapor causes dizziness and intoxication. As the temperature is increased, the vapour pressure increases; at the boiling point, bubbles of vapour form within the liquid and rise to the surface. In the human body, there are about 70 75% of water. Get a free answer to a quick problem. The second has a It is the simplest and smallest ketone (>C=O).It is a colorless, highly volatile and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odor.. Acetone is miscible with water and serves as an important organic solvent in its own right, in industry, home, and laboratory. J.R. S. [43], In the presence of suitable catalysts, two acetone molecules also combine to form the compound diacetone alcohol (CH3)C=O(CH2)C(OH)(CH3)2, which on dehydration gives mesityl oxide (CH3)C=O(CH)=C(CH3)2. Approximately 83% of acetone is produced via the cumene process;[23] as a result, acetone production is tied to phenol production. We know that the boiling point of water is 1000C and consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded with a single oxygen atom. What does the phrase the boiling point mean? How to Determine Boiling Points with Pressure | Sciencing Continue with Recommended Cookies. Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Boiling point | Definition, Examples, Temperature, & Facts Water is one of the least toxic compounds. The boiling point of acetone is 56C. They claimed to have obtained such a polymer (a white elastic solid, soluble in acetone, stable for several hours at room temperature) by depositing vapor of acetone, with some magnesium as a catalyst, onto a very cold surface. There is no need to resubmit your comment. [66], Low-grade acetone is commonly used in academic laboratory settings as a glassware rinsing agent for removing residue and solids before a final wash.[67], A mixture of acetone and dry ice is a popular cooling bath that maintains a temperature of 78 C as long as there is some dry ice left. Forest Research Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. For example in Morocco is built the worlds largest system for extracting water from the air by fog condensation, covering over 600 square meters. At any temperature a liquid partly vaporizes into the space above it until the pressure exerted by the vapour reaches a characteristic value called the vapour pressure of the liquid at that temperature. mass of 108.90 amu and is 48.161% In 1960, Soviet chemists observed that the thermodynamics of this process is unfavourable for liquid acetone, so that it (unlike thioacetone and formol) is not expected to polymerise spontaneously, even with catalysts. In Europe about 42% of utilized water is used in agriculture, 32% for industrial needs, 18% for energy production, and 8% for domestic purposes. [98], On 30 July 2015, scientists reported that upon the first touchdown of the Philae lander on comet 67P's surface, measurements by the COSAC and Ptolemy instruments revealed sixteen organic compounds, four of which were seen for the first time on a comet, including acetamide, acetone, methyl isocyanate, and propionaldehyde.[99][100][101]. Effects of a higher or lower boiling point, Strength of intermolecular forces on boiling point. Additionally, ethanol has a lower molecular weight than acetone. In equation form, for a mixture of liquids A and B, this reads: In this equation, PA and PB are the partial vapour pressures . [42] This acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation was eventually abandoned when newer methods with better yields were found. The boiling points of alcohols are much higher than those of alkanes with similar molecular weights. As per the ideal gas equation PV=nRT, that is temperature is directly related to the pressure on the system. Waters boiling point is 100C, and its melting point is 0C. The bp will be further increased if we introduce a possibility for hydrogen bonding. People with diabetic ketoacidosis produce it in larger amounts. [44], One might expect acetone to also form polymers and (possibly cyclic) oligomers of two types. Therefore, the correct option for this question is C. To learn more about the Boiling point of acetone, refer to the link: The boiling point of acetone is lower than that of water, so it will vaporise before water. The temperature that acetone must get to, such that its v p is equal to the pressure of the atmosphere, is lower than what is required for water. [94]) Consumption by microorganisms contributes to the dissipation of acetone in soil, animals, or waterways. Water covers about 71% of the surface of the Earth, mostly in oceans and seas. Types-examples and uses. Electrical Energy:9 Important Facts You Must Know, 7 Natural Resources: Details, Availability, Category. [21] It is the simplest and smallest ketone (>C=O). This creates a vapor of acetone in the container. This organic compound is used in the manufacture of varnishes, thinning of fiberglass and epoxy resins, cosmetics, fibers, solvents, lacquers, cleaning of microcircuits and other electronic parts, cleaning of leather and wool garments, medicines, plastics, paints, stain removers, and a variety of chemical products. Which statement about distilling a mixture of acetone and water is correct? In one type, units could be acetone molecules linked by ether bridges O derived by from the opening of the double bond, to give a polyketal-like (PKA) chain [OC(CH3)2]n. The other type could be obtained through repeated aldol condensation, with one molecule of water removed at each step, yielding a poly(methylacetylene) (PMA) chain [CH=C(CH3)]n.[45], The conversion of acetone to a polyketal (PKA) would be analogous to the formation of paraformaldehyde from formol, and of trithioacetone from thioacetone. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Acetone-3D-balls.png/150px-Acetone-3D-balls.png. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. The most common type of detector is an ultraviolet-visible spectrometer as the most common item of interest tested with HPLC, pharmaceuticals, have UV absorbance. [64] It is a common solvent for rinsing laboratory glassware because of its low cost and volatility. [53], Although itself flammable, acetone is used extensively as a solvent for the safe transportation and storage of acetylene, which cannot be safely pressurized as a pure compound. The force of attraction between hydrogen and oxygen is far greater than the carbon and hydrogen atoms. Water: Water's boiling point is 100C, and its melting point is 0C. Acetone (2-propanone or dimethyl ketone), is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 CO. [95] Its half-life in water is 2 to 20 days,[96] and in human blood is 18 hours. Azeotropes - Chemistry LibreTexts [48], Although some biochemistry textbooks and current research publications[49] indicate that acetone cannot be metabolized, there is evidence to the contrary. The formula: B P c o r r = B P o b s ( P o b s 7 6 0 m m H g) 0. At room temperature, it is a transparent, odorless, and colorless liquid. For Free. Boiling point of acetone The formula of acetone is CH 3 - CO - CH 3. According to Charles Law, V T at constant pressure and based on Boyles Law P 1/V at a constant temperature. how many moles of (H20) are produced when 25.0 grams of C2H2 burns completely, What's the difference between a reflected in defecated sound wave The molecular weight of acetone is 58.08 g/mol. A colorless liquid with a pungent odor, which is soluble in water, and polymerizes at rest easily, comes in 1 Kg packaging. Acetone dissolves fats very well, so it causes dry and cracked skin. After prolonged starvation or diet the stock of carbohydrates in the body is depleted and the fat is decomposed, which leads to the production of acetone. I litre of acetone is 784.5 g and contains. Solving for m, we have . The boiling point of a substance depends on a lot of factors such as humidity, atmospheric pressure and even altitude. [48], Acetone can be produced from the oxidation of ingested isopropanol, or from the spontaneous/enzymatic breakdown of acetoacetate (a ketone body) in ketotic individuals. Categorized under Chemistry,Science | Difference Between Acetone and Water. It is also used in the production of plastics, film strips, acetate silk, synthetic rubber, smokeless gunpowder, some medicines, etc. What is the boiling point of Acetone, Alcohol, Wax, Iron, Aluminium, Copper, Silver and Gold ? Acetone remains in the original container. On contrary, ammonia is made up of a nitrogen atom making three hydrogen bonds and has only one lone pair. Intermolecular forces are the attractive or repulsive forces between molecules. The boiling pointat standard atmospheric pressure, which is 1 atm/ 760 mmHg, is called the normal boiling point. The Calorimetrical Determination of the Equilibrium Constants for Keto-Enol Tautomerism for Cyclohexanone and Acetone", "You Can Get There From Here: Acetone, Anionic Ketones and Even-Carbon Fatty Acids can Provide Substrates for Gluconeogenesis", Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) Safety Hazard Information Special Hazards of Acetylene, "High Performance Liquid Chromatography in Pharmaceutical Analyses", "A Simplified Guide to Forensic Drug Chemistry", "Modern Instrumental Methods in Forensic Toxicology", "Acetone clearance of mesocolic or mesorectal fat increases lymph node yield and may improve detection of high-risk Stage II colorectal cancer patients", "A new technique for Gram staining paraffin-embedded tissue", "An unusual example of a linearly coordinated acetone ligand in a six-coordinate iron(II) complex", Inactive Ingredient Search for Approved Drug Products, "Acetone (CAS No. (We'll never share your email address with a third-party. A reflected sound wave changes direction as it passes through an opening a diffra At atmospheric pressure acetone has a boiling point of 56C. [89] Acetone is not currently regarded as a carcinogen, a mutagenic chemical nor a concern for chronic neurotoxicity effects. Theboiling point of acetone in Celsiusis 56 , but let's know a little about what we mean when we talk about the boiling pointand the substance called acetone, as well as its characteristics, properties and main uses. Or what about water at 100F (38C), this would make things like showering or cooking difficult because you will not feel warm, but what about making tea?
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